Advances in information and communications technology and the “datafication” of broadening fields of human endeavor are generating unparalleled quantities and kinds of data about individual and group behavior, much of which is now being deployed to assess risk by governments worldwide. For example, law enforcement personnel are expected to prevent terrorism through data-informed policing aimed at curbing extremism before it expresses itself as violence. And police are deployed to predicted “hot spots” based on data related to past crime. Judges are turning to data-driven metrics to help them assess the risk that an individual will act violently and should be detained before trial. Where some analysts celebrate these developments as advancing “evidence-based” policing and objective decision-making, others decry the discriminatory impact of reliance on data sets tainted by disproportionate policing in communities of color. Still others insist on a bright line between policing for community safety in countries with democratic traditions and credible institutions, and policing for social control in authoritarian settings. The 2016 annual conference will leverage the interdisciplinary strengths of the Robert L. Bernstein Institute to consider the human rights implications of the varied uses of predictive analytics by state actors. As a core part of this endeavor, the conference will examine—and seek to advance—the capacity of human rights practitioners to access, evaluate, and challenge risk assessments made through predictive analytics by governments worldwide.